When to Use Signs vs Symptoms

Good scientific and medical writing tends to follow many simple rules. Some of these rules encourage writers to use the most accurate, precise, and correct words in their writing. In this way, writers can ensure clarity and consistency in their writing, and they can avoid miscommunication with their readers.

One word that seems to trip up authors is the term symptoms. I have noticed that many authors incorrectly use this term instead of the word signs. But these two words have distinct meanings.

Signs can be seen and read by other people. Symptoms can only be described by the person feeling them. In other words, a patient can describe their symptoms and a clinician can see signs in their patients.

Example 1

Incorrect: The clinician noticed that the patient had symptoms of COVID-19.

Correct: The clinician noticed that the patient had signs of COVID-19.

Example 2

Incorrect: The patient reported signs of Parkinson’s disease.

Correct: The patient reported symptoms of Parkinson’s disease.

While writing, remember that a patient can describe their symptoms, and a clinician can see signs in their patients.